Friction shock-absorbing mechanism



Patented Feb. 8, 1927.

cli-1eme -Inmiioimx @Gemme-Tiener i einem-fseeeieeeeelieee-ilreeeHeNieleQ VThis. vinvention re'latesQto friction l slioelf.

' v' ff secured frQntst-op lugs l-l-ll'andrear'stop f Y absorbing, mechanisms.

' VOne 'Object if .the inrentiQe-S, t0A provide a friction shock' absorbing meolanisin," esj 4Peelly'` ,adapted felt relveii dmftrigginee; exeptienally j hiel?4 wherein provided capacity and-certain release.

Another object of invention, is to pro# vide a frietion shook labsorbing ineehani'sni, 0ffthe chereetr ndeeief .Simple 0nstruction, wherein a toggleaetion of 'certain of the pressure transmitting. elernen'ts is'h ad, r So as ,toi ei'ect'qan augmented 4frietional ref, sistane and a'spring ,coinpression greater.

than tlie travelf'of" the aetnatingV element.r i A further object ofthe invent-ion' is to provide a 'slioekiab'sorbing mechanism in,

' cliiding follower ac tingnnen'ibens, side inem-j ,berg and a' ce ntral eleinent having fiietiona l engageinent withthe side Inernj` Y bers,' wl 1erein the main followers, tl1e side mmbere and'Centralr lment er@ @tended witlrcoacting nieans adaptedfnpon 'approachI of-*tlie followers to isiniultaneenelyi' effect"v longitudinal'movernent of the oentralfric; tion 'ele1nent on the side meinbers andl foibe" beffe finte .eneee'emenwifh the.

the side `nie centrall element.

Still, elle? el? .and more 'Spcifie .Object O-f theinvention is vte provide a *mechanismofi the character indicated, inolndingfinainffol? lower acting rneinbers. and a plnralitv. 'ofl friction elements which arerelatively movl able, together with coaetingrookers forforef ing the l`friction elements into yintimat e c`on'Yv tact end eflecting relative movement of said elements longitudinally of the nieolianisin i during the compression stroke;l

Y Q her objects and advantagesgof `inw-' y nention 'willfmore clearly andjfiilly appeanv from the description. andfclaiinshereinafter In the drawings, formingv aT oftliis specification, lFigure Vl .is afliorizontal, longiv tudinal Vseotierfial view of a portion l of a rail'-VV drafftbriggzing, showing n uy Viinprovekments inv connection therewith; Figures 2 and' Briarev. vertieal transverse, sectional' viewsVY corresponding respeetively to the VVline s '2- 2 andS-'S of Figiire1Lv Ancljliigiiref yis ade-V repe'ctive view ,of "one, of thefroeker Y f Infsaiddrawings,10-410 denote -cldanneflf ie? indieatedjatflfthe 'same lia-'v'- ingV operativelyI assooiated -therevvi t/lin fa 60 fliooldedyoke lll; Within wli'iolris dispsedftlie I shoo k absorbing; -nieelianism proper. 7 The' 'volge and the'zsliook absorbingf ineclianisin tliereivitliin areV snpported operative posi; tion a detaehable Ysaddle platel'f 65 The iinproved v"shook absorbing-'mechanism proper; includesl broadly front and rear "feli lowel;actingineirnbe'rs A *and Bj; a pa'iro` f si de Inernbeis fa wedge-D.L`a"central-f1ic' v tion sliell E; a pairof rockers a vinffiiii A 70 springiresiStance;v G.; and-a retainer bolt, l Thefront and rear followers Afand'B are ber open ati-the' inner end.- Tliefront fol;-

said lvvallfbeing .provided en tll'e .inner sides.

fastening devices. Thev rear follower YBis;`Vv

provided wiet, transverse end}wa1i1jis, Y Y which, cooperates, with the rear stop lugs 12.5-

The ,Iside Walls? of tlie'reafgf follower iinenfber 85 fa'refprovided 'witlif o`ppos'ed, 4 interior,` fori vini-'elly` 'divergingf faces '1Q-'19; adapted to cooperate. with -"tlecorresponding'en'ds of the side ineinbers C? 'Between tl1 e"si de `vv alls,v

the rear .follower i Bl-isv provided rwitli an in '90.

teriorz centrallydisposed; inwardly extend# f 'ing hollowv ybossj 20 for p urpoee" hereinafter,described.`v f

' 'The'side members@ are ofiikwnstmc tion) eac'liV being; in the form of an elongated 95 heavv plate havinl'ga Hat longitudinallygldis-f posed friction :surface 211 ony 'the inner` side thereof, and *inclined Aouter wedgel surfaees 22-2'2` atztlieopposite ends thereof. `The rivedge faces 22 at the rear ends of thefside 100 members are adapted --to cooperate -witlr tlr Y inner fwedge. faces 1.9 l o fftliefreai follower i. vB.Y On theinnersidegeaolrineinber 1G. 1sy

preview-ff with', horiznfca1-1-yv disposed,"

a-fpurpoee hereinafter deso'rib'e'd. i

The, wedge D in the".forrneoflareletively.`

outline,:reeessedfat the frontlside as indi' longitn diiiallyy extending guide 'slot .23` for v 105 .Y rockers F. the end, the block D is f provided with a pair of opposed, interior wedge faces 122-122, correspondingly inclined tothe'faces 22 at the forward end of the two side members and adapted to cooperate therewith. The bloclrD is also provided with a central opening 25, adapted to freely accommodate the kouter end of the central friction shell E, as clearly shown in Figure 1. The forwardend of the bloclrD is reduced in size as indicated at 2G, to tele- Y scope within the hollow'front follower A,

transverse 'abutment shoulders L11 being thus provided to cooperate 'with the; inner end of the mainifollower to limit the movement of the same ,v when'vtne mechanism is fullycompressed,.the actuating force being Y then-transmitted directly' through the wedge D, side members C, to the rear follower B. The friction shell E is provided with a constricted front end portion 2 7 adapted to Y work within the opening 25 of YtheV wee ge block D as, clearly shown in l shell also lprovides Vas indicated Figure 1. The

interior of the main Vbody portion of the yfriction shell isy of substantially cylindrical form in cross-section,

ftoaccomniodate theouter relatively larger and of such a size as coil ofthe main spring resistance D. The constricted portion of the shelll provides a cylindrical bore of reduced cross-section, and is vadapted to accommodate the front end of the inner, smallerv coil of the main spring resistance. The constricted portion of the a transversely disposed annularshoulder28v at the forward end of the shell, adapted to form an abutment foiI Y Vthenfront end of the outer coil ofthe spring 'Y resistance v`friction shell is providedwith a ipair of ein` On the opposite sides, the

terior, vertically disposed, 'longitudinally' extending friction surfaces 121-121, adapted to 'Ycooj'perate' with the friction surfaces y21 of the corresponding side members C. .Theshell is also provided with ,a pair of exterior lugs 29 adapted )to work in the guideways 23 Vof the side meinbersto support and guide the shell for' longitudinal .-move ment and preventits dropping downrbe 'tweenrtheside members C. Y

At the rear'end, the top and b'ottom'of the shell is cut away shell will telescope `within the hollow 1 rear followerwhen'the mechanism isfully com-V pressed'` l l Y v The rockers Fwhich are two in number,

are disposed between the front follower A and the wedgelbloclr-D. Y The roclzers 'F are of identical Vconstruction but reversely ar#Y ranged. As shown inFigure 1,.'each of these'rockers has trunnion portions 31 at one endthereof, projecting fbeyondthe Ytop '-"andbofttoml surfaces Y of the rocker. In FigiiireA, the -top Aof the rocker YisrrshownV recessed,v asiindicated at 32, the krecess Y 32-having a curved guide Awall 33 at one sideV 'at 30 so'that the end of the Vfollowers A and ll thereof and a pair of iiat walls 34 and 35 ported in bearing seats 131-131 disposed Y.

atV one side of the opening 24 ofthe wedge and 2,' the wedge block is providedwith two .angularly disposed with reference to eachV Vblock D. As clearly shown in VFigures 1f' sets of seats 131 disposed at opposite sides@` of the recess 24, one set being arranged above' the other. rl`he top and bottom VVwalls of the recess 24 adjacent the corresponding seats 131, are provided with guide-ways 136 Y adapted to worlringly receive `the corresponding guide ribs 36 vofthe rockers F.

`When the rockers areinassembled position within the wedge block D, the openings 32 are'in registration and accommodate the retainer boltl as shown in Figures 1 and 2. Luge 37 are provi-ded adjacent each top and V.bottom bearing seat 131 ofthe wedge bloeitVV VD,.said lugs having inner curved bearing surfaces adapted to coact with the corresponding trunnions 31 of the rochers to act as a retaining means. At the front side, each rocker is provided with ,a Vcurved bearing surface 38, adapted to cooperate 'withVv i and bearon the wear plate .17 Vof the front follower. At the rear side, each rocker has ico a fiat bearing surface 39 and a curved beaiing surface AO' adjacent thereto, thefiat surface 39 abutting the outer end of the" con-i stricted portion of the friction shell when' the mechanism is'in the normal position as shown in Figure 1. The curved bearing surface l() of each'rocker is'adapted to cooperate with the outer end of the friction shell when the rocker is swung inwardly on its trunnions. .A

rlhe main spring resistance G which con-` sists'of the inner coil and outercoils here-` inbefore referredto, isinterposed between the friction shell and the rear follower, the

rear end ofthe outercoil lbearing directly Y Von the transverse end wall 18 of the follow.-

er and the rear'end oftheinner coil ing on the hollow boss 20. Y

rlhe Amechanism is h-ld l pression and of uniform overall length-by under initial coing the retainer bolt-'H which has the oppositeV ends thereof anchorcdto the front and rear ,Y Y 1espectively, Y theV front follower being recessed to accommodate'the" ing accommodated within the hollow boss 2O ofthe rear follower. v a f 'Y The normal position'of the parts is tliat shown inFigure 1, with the inner end of the i' Y nut of the bolt, and the Yhead ofthe bolt bcfront' felleinei. epaeed from the Yed@ilflieeiil` Sheiil lmev ment et die geen' during e 'Compression de 4,1 e distende equel; t0 dermal stroke I 1 1.,tl1fie".ie0st`ien of; die perte, the ne end-.et the mein body ieertleeeff the ien Shell :le also, Slightly ereeed from -theleerreieendins pei-:tide eff the -telleivei bleek.. D, thereby pferldlls for veeIl lrenedtion l er weer ofA the, Various frieden find wedge surfeieee 'lhe Onere@ a cpzo'mprre;ssioilivstroke isas follows: Asthe 'Der filent and; rearifellewere, A and, B are retired relatively.d ard, eeeh' etliellflie Sdelllein @el Greed. inwardly deelne# the frietion shell diie tothe action of the coacting Wedge faces on the-sidememberS, the

Wedgeydsl'olgl) and the rear follower B;

lorvver A to the, ,wedge D. VDuring this time,

A. ariirdrll. Swinging `menement e'fgtlle reekerfe .isz aleeyreeieted by die main eprinereeetenee: ltstlieffeet eildlieel fellewereil, and) 1B;-dnidleezelredell other., the feekerewlll be 'l for edto svginginvvardlyon their trunnons,V

* carrying the u friction shellflll inwardly also,

compressing 'mainsprings.r It vvill be*A evidentfthat 'd'tiringfthi's action, the curved .bearing si'iipfacesL 38C and.` l0 'ivill nslide on the i ,i idee'fth'e.Shell-E5 lllerebyedeellnse' erede# ally aAccelerated2 inward movement of the lisieteiilf Shell f-Witli *refeleliee te the mein, fo1 1 o WeiA Diiringthis .action of the rockers?,k vvthe'` effective leverage thereof Willbe sllddliellr deereaeed; diie .te lilies gradually" dec asingchangein ratio-"of the effectivel leveif arms .ofutliefroelersf the length of the lerel 'ded-efieaehvredlser eeeieefatlils with tleit'ithe' elieiliss' deelde; el the' leiter-arme gra iifally;r throws more of they appliedload .-.on thelsi e members'throughvtlie vveclge'll;A

tliiisfoifcing the sided members into" tighter eng: ilfgeiiient*withJ th'efshell E, the vresistance of tl'ileJ device to the lapplied loady thus rvco,nsiderabl increased'. The accelerated movement of the shell effects an additional compression the main spring resistance.Y vThe relative Valiiproach off the front and rear followers will belimited by 'engagement ofl theviniier end ofthe front follo'vverwith the,

' shoulders lloftli'e- Wedge'blockl), as hereinbefore pointed ont, thereby preventing the 'l j main springresistancey from vbeing driven solid,-'the front and'rear .follower s,i`vvedge" aiidside members'forming` in effect'a solid to vthe stop lugs ofthedraftsills. Upon reduction' offthe actuating force, the main i et flier. meeheiem.' during.;

ten under pressure ,for moving said. f

enlise: reeiieteilee Willretilitd.I dll vrdiel Perte. tonloriinal position.

'llhile"l,haieilieredfeliewn end. d elleerlbed what llfnew eeeelder thev Preferred meneer et Carrying 'out my levenden, 'the .Sadie le merely] illdelfreftive @dil e,eilteirrldie..H all cliaiilgewsl modifications that come iv'ith in they scope of the-claims appendedhereto. lelalli.: 1,'In friction shock absorgbing nieehfa-` nisin, i the combination xvitli y relatively dierelele' 'frieden elemente. Seid elements having coazcting friction surfaces;

timate ffi'ictionaly Contact, sadmefans include ing" a follower a Wedge meinberfsaid main follovverl having` Wedge means thereon;

a secon lgmain follower, said main Vfolllwvers Y vbeing relatively movable fpivotedl means interposed between second main `follower andthe Wedge member for moving said friction; eleinentsrrelativelyf to eachother yand `.transmittiling"the vvactuating force'fto said' Wedge member; and yielding means resisiting-relative"movement of said elements.' i,

in, 'frieden erede .absorbing -fueehef msm,4 the combination With front and rear follower vacting"elen'ients; of a plurality/of i'ejlativelyniovziblel friction members interpeeled 'betire'ed 'Seid lellewerei elle eftedldy followers having 'Wedge means thereon; a

wedge 'mein'loery associated with the other fol-VVV i lower, said Wedgefmember and the Wed-ge] means off said f ollovveicooperating` with r tlifelffriotion. ii'ieemv'b'eifsn for placing the latand lever acting` means: n l 4rationelementsrelatively lto each otheigfsfaid meansbfeingV interposed betweennvedge ineansand the asso-l ciadtled follower; and a main.spring` resist` friction members.

vanice l opposing relative movement. of said 3.111' 1 -friction s iiocleabsorbing mechanisiiii, 'tliefcombination with front andrea'r Y follower acting elements relatively. movable toward each other,"Y of acentral friction elementy havingV longitudinally disposedA fric- 'tion siirfaces; 'side,frivetionV elements coop-. erating with said central 'friction element;

Wedgemeans on onejof said followers; a Wedgemeinber associated. With theother follonf'ezr, said Wedge;y means and Wedge* meinber cooper ting :i

i ith'said'side friction ele-` ineiits; and

v f acting" pres'siire .trans-V l nitting means cooperating-With the follower having` the wedge" member associated there? with said pressure transinitjtingmeans "en-1 ing thesame with reference to saidv friction elements; and a main spring'resista-nceco n r n n Y operating With said 'central friction element. column foitransmitting the forcedirectly n et. In a frictions'hock absorbing mechanism, the` combination with front and/rearv Vgaging said centraly friction element for 'mov-.-V

' tween said folio yers, saidl shell having lon- Ytween said followers, said shell having longitudinally disposed friction surfaces; fric"- v tion'elements cooperating with the surfaces of said shell; a wedge nieii'iber adjacentoneof said followers, and the other follower having wedge'ineans thereon, said wedge member and wedge means forcing said frictioi ele f ments against the friction surfaces of the nisin, the combination with front and rearV gagement with one of said followers;

shell upon compression of the mechanism; means for edecting relative longitudinal movement of said friction shell and elements, rocking ont-lie wedge member and cooperating witlithe adjacent` follower; and a main spring resistancegwithin Vthe friction shell.

5. ln a friction shock absorbing mechanismpthecombination with front and rear followers; of a friction shell interposed between said followers,isaid shell having lon-vr gitudinally disposed exterior friction surfaces; side friction elements cooperating with the` friction surfaces of the shell, said said wedge means; and a main spring resistance within said friction shell. "6. In a friction shock' absorbing mechafollowers; of aV friction shell interposed begitudinally disposed exterior friction surf'facesjside friction elements cooperating with the friction surfacesof the shell, said "and` sido members being relatively movable loiigitudinalljy7 of the ii'iechanism'; wedge iiieans interposed between one of saidl followers and said side elements;togglefacting pi'essure-transmitting elements interposed between said friction shell and the last 'named follower, said pressure transmitting elements bearing on said wedge means; and

ainain springresistance within said friction shell. J p

7. in a friction shock absorbing mechaiiisni,V the combination with a Vlongitudinal]y disposed,central friction element; side friction elements cooperating with said central galassia elementymea'ns at the"Y oppositendsvof said side elements having lwedging engagement therewith Vafmain follower g pressure trans-lv f mitting means associated with the wedge means at one end of said elements, said pressure transmitting means bearing on 'said last named wedge means,rthe main. follower and said central friction elements, the bear#Y ing contact of said pressure transmitting means on said follower and central friction elementbeing shiftable in a direction trans-V Y y `rersely ofthe mechanism to accelerate the movementv of said central' element with referenceto the main follower duringcompres#A sion fof the mechanism; rand aniain spring resistance cooperating with the central fric tion'elenient. i v. f f

8. lln a friction shock absorbingmechanisiii, the combination with'fa longitudinally disposed central friction element; of side friction elementscooperati-ng therewith;

front and rear main followers, one of said followers having wedging engagementfwithff v-.feilgeniember interposed between the other 'the corresponding ends of 'said elements; a.

main follower ancsaidelements andhaving wedging engagement lwith the corresponding wedge member and having bearing on said last named follower andA central .eleinentre spectively; and means yieldingly resistingv iiiovenieiit of said centralv element. 1

ends of V4the latter; rockersj'jivoted onV said 9. ln a, friction shock absorbing meclia-rr Y nisin, the combination with vside* members `having longitudinally disposed frictionsur-V faces; of a longitudinally movable,'centralV element having friction. surfaces engaging the; surfaces of vsaid sideV elements;y a main follower atA one Aend of the niechanisinliav'- ing wedging engagement with the side mem#l Y bers; a spring resistance interposed'between said follower and Vthecentral frictionele-` 1nent;a wedge element at the opposite end Vvof the mechanism having. wedging engagement Y' with saidside members; second main follower; and rockers fulcriimed on said wedge element and bearing on said last named main" follr'iwer aiid'central elementrespectively.r

ln witness that l claim tl'iefforegoing I have hereunto subscribediny nan'ie'th'is 14th day of February, 1925. Y

sriicrV n i-iiisEifriNii. 

